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UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE (UFS)
LECTURER/SENIOR LECTURER/ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR (JOB ID: 6536)
Organizational Unit University of the Free State -> Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences -> Department Animal Science
Contract Type Permanent
Occupational Level Junior Management
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 10/8/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered. The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and responsibilities:
• Teach and assess undergraduate and postgraduate students.
• Supervise and provide study leadership at postgraduate level.
• Source external research funding and establish collaborations with industry and other stakeholders.
• Generate third-stream income.
• Participate in community engagement projects such as Farmer's days.
• Recruit postgraduate students.
• Participate in departmental, faculty and university committees and perform general academic and administrative duties.
Inherent requirements:
Lecturer
• A Ph D on NQF Level 10 in Animal Breeding or related discipline (for a permanent appointment)
or
• Master’s degree on NQF Level 9 in Animal Breeding or related discipline (contract appointment: five years during which a PhD on NQF Level 10 in Animal Breeding or related discipline MUST be obtained to be converted to a permanent appointment).
• Proven experience in the delivery of poster or oral presentations at conferences or equivalent activities.
• Evidence of manuscripts produced that have the potential to be converted or submitted for publication in accredited journals.
• A good academic record (attach a copy).
Senior Lecturer
• PhD on NQF Level 10 in Animal Breeding or related discipline.
• Proven experience in the presentation of papers/posters at national scholarly conferences.
• Proven national recognition for specialist expertise and research in a specific area of scholarship.
• An NRF rating or demonstrated potential for obtaining an NRF rating.
• Proven experience in supervision of graduated master’s degree students.
• A proven research record of relevant publication/s in peer reviewed national and international accredited scientific journals.
• Proven experience of service as an active member of a national or international scholarly society or committee or agency concerned with research at higher-education levels.
Associate Professor
• PhD on NQF Level 10 in Animal Breeding or related discipline.
• Experience as external examiner for postgraduate students.
• Proven experience in the presentation of research papers at national conferences, where there is evidence of peer review of papers.
• Acted as an editorial board member of high-quality national scholarly journals.
• Proven national recognition for specialist expertise and research leadership in a specific scientific area of scholarship.
• An NRF rating of C3 or equivalent status.
• Proven experience in the supervision of graduated master’s degree students, with doctoral supervision considered advantageous.
• A proven research record of relevant publications in national and international accredited journals
• Served as a member of a national scholarly society OR a national committee or agency concerned with research at higher education levels OR showed evidence of service as an active member of an international equivalent.
Recommendations:
• Registration at the South African Council for Natural Scientists (attach proof).
• Any relevant tertiary teaching, research and experience in the industry as well as national and international contacts.
• Knowledge of genetics, genetic diversity, SNPs, genomics, bioinformatics and/or data science.
• Experience in molecular data analysis using PLINK, GATK, R or any relevant software.
• Experience in statistical analysis for complex data using R, SAS, ASREML, WOMBAT, BLUPF90 or any relevant software.
• Programming skills using R, Fortran or any other relevant language.
• Proven track record of obtaining research funding and 3rd stream income generation.
Competencies
Required competencies:
• Results Orientated:
- The ability to set high standards, establish tough goals, and to work to achieve success.
- The ability to be reliable, responsible, dependable and to fulfil obligations.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to deal with several activities at a time.
- The ability to carefully analyse information and use logic to address issues and problems at work.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to maintain high levels of personal motivation, energy and enthusiasm.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to be self-assured and at ease with people in all types of social situations.
- The ability to interact with others and establish personal connections with people.
Assumption of duties: 01 January 2027
Closing date: 10 August 2026
Salary: The salary is available on request.
Fringe benefits: (Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries: For enquiries, please feel free to contact me at 051 401 7659 or email at SejanamaneP@ufs.ac.zaor Recruit@ufs.ac.za. Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 2979 9813 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at: ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
Additional Information
Lecturer/Senior Lecturer/Associate Professor (Job ID: 6536)
DEPUTY DIRECTOR (POST LEVEL 6): OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (JOB ID: 6537)
Organizational Unit University of the Free State -> Deputy Vice-Chancellor: People and Operations -> Facilities Management -> University Estates
Contract Type Permanent
Occupational Level Middle Management
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 29/7/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered.
The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and responsibilities:
Strategic Leadership, Governance and Financial Management
• Lead and manage the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) function across all UFS campuses and locations.
• Develop, implement and oversee institutional OHS strategies, policies, standards and frameworks.
• Provide strategic advice to Executive Management, Deans, Directors and Management Structures on OHS matters.
• Lead institutional OHS governance structures and committees.
• Prepare executive reports, compliance reports, risk reports and related presentations.
• Manage the OHS Operational budget
• Procurement approval.
Legal Compliance and Assurance
• Ensure institutional compliance with the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 85 of 1993) and all applicable regulations.
• Act as the University's primary liaison with regulatory authorities, including the Department of Employment and Labour.
• Develop and implement compliance monitoring programmes and audit systems.
• Manage institutional compliance inspections and external audits.
Risk, Laboratory and High-Risk Environment Management
• Oversee institutional risk assessments and hazard identification programmes.
• Provide oversight of laboratory safety and manage related projects across all campuses.
• Manage asbestos compliance programmes and related projects.
• Oversee compliance relating to fuel storage, gas installations, reservoirs, water infrastructure and other hazardous installations.
• Oversee and monitor contractor OHS compliance for all construction projects and maintenance activities.
Fire Safety, Emergency and Disaster Management
• Lead institutional fire safety governance and compliance.
• Develop and oversee emergency response and disaster management plans.
• Coordinate emergency preparedness exercises and simulations.
• Ensure institutional readiness for major incidents, disasters and pandemics.
Incident and Injury on Duty Management
• Oversee institutional Injury on Duty (IOD) management processes.
• Ensure effective investigation of incidents and implementation of corrective actions.
• Monitor trends and develop preventative interventions.
Leadership and People Management
• Lead and manage the Occupational Health and Safety Unit.
• Manage performance, development and accountability of personnel.
• Ensure adequate training and competency development of OHS personnel and safety
representatives.
• Drive a culture of safety and accountability throughout the University.
Inherent Job Requirements:
• Bachelor’s degree or an Advanced Diploma/B.Tech degree/Postgraduate Certificate on NQF Level 7 in Occupational Health and Safety, Safety Management, Environmental Health, Risk Management or a related field (attach a copy).
• Registration with a recognised professional body in the Occupational Health and Safety field (attach a copy).
• SAMTRAC or an equivalent recognised Occupational Health and Safety qualification (attach a copy).
• A minimum of five (5) years’ management experience.
• A minimum of five (5) years’ relevant Occupational Health and Safety experience.
• Proven experience in managing OHS functions across a complex multi-site organisation.
• Experience in emergency management, fire safety, contractor compliance and incident investigation.
• Experience dealing with regulatory authorities and compliance audits.
• Knowledge of the Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 and Regulations.
• Valid Code B driver's licence (attach a copy).
Recommendations:
• A relevant Honours degree /Postgraduate Diploma/Professional Bachelor’s degree on NQF Level 8.
• Experience within the higher education environment.
• Knowledge of university systems, policies, and procedures.
• Knowledge of:
- Disaster Management legislation and principles.
- Fire Safety Management.
- Contractor Construction Regulations.
- Incident Investigation and Injury on Duty (IOD) Management.
- Laboratory and hazardous environment safety.
- Risk Management principles.
- Environmental and Municipal By-laws.
- Governance and compliance frameworks.
Competencies
Key Competencies Required:
• Results Orientated:
- The ability to cope with a frequently changing environment and to adapt to evolving situations.
- The ability to be reliable, responsible, dependable and to fulfil obligations.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to deal with several activities at a time.
- The ability to carefully analyse information and use logic to address issues and problems at work.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to lead, take charge of situations, and offer opinions and directions to others.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to be self-assured and at ease with people in all types of social situations.
- The ability to make decisions through consultation, collaboration and working with close supervision.
Assumption of duties: As soon as possible.
Closing date: 29 July 2026
Salary: The salary is available on request.
Fringe benefits: (Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries: For enquiries, please feel free to contact 051 401 9813 or email PhokaR@ufs.ac.za or Recruit@ufs.ac.za. Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 2979 / 2558 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at:
ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR/PROFESSOR (PERMANENT) AND ACADEMIC HEAD OF DEPARTMENT (CONTRACT APPOINTMENT: 5 YEARS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF REAPPOINTMENT FOR A FURTHER TERM) (JOB ID: 6519)
Organizational Unit
University of the Free State -> Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences -> Department Geology
Contract Type Permanent
Occupational Level Middle Management
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 3/8/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered. The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• A cover letter stating the applicant’s leadership philosophy and strategic vision for the department and addressing the requirements of the position.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and responsibilities:
Associate Professor/ Professor
• Present undergraduate and postgraduate modules.
• Synthesise knowledge through the publication of scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals.
• Communicate research findings at scientific conferences.
• Source funding for research from international and national funding organisations.
• Participate actively in the professional community.
• Supervise postgraduate students at master's and PhD levels.
• Participate actively in leadership and administration at the departmental and Faculty levels.
Academic Head of Department
• Provide strategic and operational academic leadership by creating and executing strategies to establish the department as a leader in the discipline vis-à-vis competing international entities.
• Drive excellence in teaching, learning, and curriculum innovation.
• Strengthen research performance and postgraduate training.
• Lead initiatives to increase research income and third-stream revenue.
• Promote interdisciplinary collaboration and industry engagement.
• Foster staff development, succession planning, and transformation.
• Enhance national and international partnerships and collaborations.
• Ensure compliance with institutional policies, accreditation requirements, and quality assurance standards.
• Continuous planning and execution of teaching and research strategies, general organising and coordinating of administrative duties, mentoring and motivating staff,
• Manage departmental finances, infrastructure, and human resources (e.g., annual budgeting, allocation of funds) of the Department.
• The Academic Head of Department (ADH) is directly responsible for:
o Directing the academic debate in the department.
o Influencing the department’s overall climate and culture.
o Energising everybody in the department and beyond; and
o Shaping the future of the department.
• Contribute to the overall leadership of the faculty.
• Frequent and continuous planning and execution of plans, general organising and coordination of staff, students and activities, mentoring and motivating staff, structuring, and exercising overall control are typical management functions performed by ADHs.
• Create an atmosphere of consensus among staff.
• Effective internal and external communication.
• The ADH is pivotal in linking the department’s staff and students with the University’s management and administration through communication, negotiation, and consultation.
• Active participation and involvement in faculty management structures, attending meetings, leading project teams, representing the department and faculty, and fulfilling the roles of liaison officer and marketer when necessary.
• Active participation and involvement in applicable UFS management structures, e.g. Senate.
• Initiate, formulate and implement a visionary academic strategy for the department that is aligned with and supportive of the guiding strategic documents of the UFS and faculty.
• Ensure-
o The provision of top-quality, research-informed facilitation of learning at all levels of teaching in the department.
o Relevance of content, material, and presentation in all modules.
o The enhancement of student experiences and their continuous engagement in academic debates.
o That adequate rules and regulations are in place to optimally deliver high-quality teaching and learning programmes on both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
o Adherence to all the rules and regulations of the UFS, faculty, and department.
o Quality and timely feedback on student work.
o Proper and quality-driven academic advice and support to all under- and postgraduate students in the department; and
o The revisiting and development of fresh learning programmes that will help to position the department as a leader in the fraternity.
• Create and maintain a(n):
o Visionary research strategy for the department; and
o :An environment that encourages research, leading to strong and active research habits and a culture of inquiry.
• Ensure that –
o Every academic staff member is engaged in quality-driven and discipline-specific research.
o Postgraduate students are recruited to broaden the research base of the department; and
o Ethical requirements are met.
• Guiding and supporting senior academics towards acquiring NRF ratings.
• Active engagement with the faculty research committee and the UFS Directorate of Research and Development to ensure sustainable financial support for departmental research initiatives.
• Building an effective team of scholars through:
o Planning and implementing a fair and reasonable dispensation regarding the workload of staff members in the department.
o Planning and implementing a clear and reasonable career path for every staff member in the department, taking account of the strategic plans of the University, faculty and department.
o Appropriate mentoring interventions where and whenever they are needed.
o Managing staff performance in accordance with existing university policies and procedures.
o Recruitment and selection of scholars in the case of vacancies and/or specific strategic needs, whenever strategic repositioning requires expansion of academic endeavours.
o Creating and maintaining a scholarship-friendly environment in the department; and
o Planning and overseeing effective and relevant staff development.
• The ultimate responsibility in terms of financial management culminates in:
o Annual budgeting
o Financial planning
o Allocation of funds; and
o Financial control.
• Adherence to the UFS’s financial policies and procedures.
• Encourage and actively support academic staff members to apply for external research and other grants.
Inherent requirements:
Associate Professor
• PhD on NQF Level 10 in Geological Sciences or a closely related field.
• Experience as an external examiner for postgraduate students.
• Proven experience in the presentation of research papers at national conferences, where there is evidence of peer review of papers.
• Acted as an editorial board member of high-quality national scholarly journals.
• Proven national recognition for specialist expertise and research leadership in a specific scientific area of scholarship.
• An NRF rating of C3 or equivalent status.
• Proven experience in the supervision of graduated master’s degree students.
• A proven research record of relevant publications in nationally and internationally accredited journals
• Served as a member of a national scholarly society OR a national committee or agency concerned with research at higher education levels OR showed evidence of service as an active member of an international equivalent.
Professor
• PhD on NQF Level 10 in Geological Sciences or a closely related field.
• Experience as an external examiner for master’s and doctoral students.
• Acted as an editorial board member of high-quality international/ISI/IBSS journals.
• Proven international recognition for specialist expertise and research leadership in a particular area of academic scholarship (for example, regularly serves as a reviewer for international/ISI/IBSS journals).
• An NRF rating of C1 C2, or equivalent status.
• Demonstrated successful supervision of graduated master ’s-degree and preferably graduated doctoral students.
• Proven experience in delivering keynote addresses at national scholarly conferences.
• Served as a member of an international scholarly society OR an international committee, or an agency concerned with research at higher-education levels.
Head of department
• Recognition as an established and nationally rated scientist, with preference given to candidates holding a current rating from the National Research Foundation (NRF) or an equivalent internationally recognised research rating.
• A distinguished and sustained research record evidenced by:
o High-quality peer-reviewed publications;
o Successful postgraduate supervision at Master's and Doctoral levels;
o A demonstrable record of securing competitive research funding;
o National and international academic recognition.
• A proven record of generating significant third-stream income through industry partnerships, contract research, consulting activities, professional services, specialised training programmes, or other external funding initiatives.
• Extensive academic leadership and management experience, including:
o Leadership of academic programmes, research groups, centres, schools, or departments;
o Staff management, mentoring, and performance development;
o Budgetary and resource management;
o Strategic planning and implementation;
o Curriculum development and quality assurance at undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
Desired Attributes
The ideal candidate will demonstrate:
• Outstanding academic credibility and leadership presence.
• A clear vision for the future of geological sciences in South Africa and internationally.
• Strong interpersonal, communication, and stakeholder engagement skills.
• The ability to build productive relationships with industry, government, professional bodies, and research partners.
• A commitment to academic excellence, transformation, and student success.
Recommendations:
• Registration as a professional natural scientist with the South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions or equivalent status (attach proof).
• A valid driver's license (attach proof).
• Prior experience obtained in both industry and academia.
• A formal qualification in management and/or leadership at NQF level 7 or higher (attach proof).
Competencies
Required competencies:
• Results Oriented:
- The ability to set high standards, establish tough goals, and to work to achieve success.
- The ability to deal calmly and effectively with high-stress situations.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to be creative and open-minded when addressing work issues.
- The ability to carefully analyse information and use logic to address issues and problems at work.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to maintain high levels of personal motivation, energy and enthusiasm.
- The ability to lead, take charge of situations, and offer opinions and directions to others.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to negotiate, sell, influence and persuade others.
- The ability to interact with others and establish personal connections with people.
Assumption of duties: 01 January 2027
Closing date: 3 August 2026
Term of office concerning the Academic Head of Department
Five years, with a possibility of reappointment for a further term based on performance.
Salary: The salary is available on request.
Fringe benefits: (Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries: For enquiries, please feel free to contact me at 051 401 7659 or email SejanamaneP@ufs.ac.zaor Recruit@ufs.ac.za. Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 2979 / 9813 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups, including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at: ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA), and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
Additional Information
ETDP SETA INTERNSHIP (40 HOURS PER WEEK) (1 POSITION) (CONTRACT APPOINTMENT: 24 MONTHS) (JOB ID: 110357)
Organizational Unit University of the Free State -> Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences -> Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa
Contract Type
Occupational Level Temporary
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 20/7/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered. The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• An affidavit stating that you are unemployed and have not participated in any SETA funding internship.
Duties and responsibilities:
The intern will be placed within the Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa (DiMTEC) department at the University of the Free State and will be required to perform duties aligned with the Master’s degree in Disaster Management.
Duties will vary depending on placement, but will generally include the following:
• Assist with disaster risk reduction, resilience, climate adaptation, and disaster management research projects
• Conduct systematic literature searches and synthesize scientific publications relevant to assigned projects.
• Assist in collecting quantitative and qualitative data using approved research methods and ethical standards.
• Assist in analysing research data using appropriate statistical or qualitative analysis software.
• Draft research reports, policy briefs, technical reports, and sections of academic publications.
• Support planning and delivery of disaster management training workshops, seminars, and short courses.
• Assist in communication and engagement with government departments, NGOs, communities, and research partners.
• Attend seminars, journal clubs, conferences, and professional development activities relevant to disaster management.
• Adhere to institutional policies, research ethics, confidentiality, and health and safety requirements.
• Identify opportunities to improve academic qualifications, research processes, training activities, or administrative systems.
Inherent requirements:
• A Master’s degree on NQF Level 9 in Disaster Management or closely related field.
• The applicant should not be studying full-time.
• Must be a South African Citizen.
• Must not have participated in an internship before or currently be participating in an existing learnership/internship programme.
• The applicant should not have any previous formal work experience.
• The applicant must be willing to sign a learnership/internship agreement with UFS.
• The applicant must be available for a period of 2 years to participate in the learnership/internship.
• The applicant must be between 18 and 35 years of age.
Recommendations:
• Applicants who have completed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) training or certification relevant to disaster risk management.
• Applicants with experience using ArcGIS/QGIS, SPSS, R, NVivo, or similar software as part of their postgraduate research.
• Applicants who have participated in community-based disaster risk reduction or climate resilience projects as volunteers or through university projects.
• Applicants who have served as a postgraduate tutor, demonstrator, or research assistant during their studies.
• Applicants who are members of a recognised professional body related to disaster management or environmental sciences (where student membership is possible).
Competencies
Required competencies:
• Results Orientated:
- The ability to set high standards, establish tough goals, and to work to achieve success.
- The ability to be reliable, responsible, dependable and to fulfil obligations.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to focus on details, work towards perfection, and approach work in a neat and organised manner.
- The ability to carefully analyse information and use logic to address issues and problems at work.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to maintain high levels of personal motivation, energy and enthusiasm.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to interact with others and establish personal connections with people.
- The ability to make decisions through consultation, collaboration and working with close supervision.
Assumption of duties: 01 August 2026
Closing date: 20 July 2026
Salary: The salary is a fixed amount of R8500 per month.
Enquiries: For enquiries, please feel free to contact 051 4017659 or email SejanamaneP@ufs.ac.zaor Recruit@ufs.az.za. Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 2558 /9813 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at:
ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
Additional Information
SENIOR ASSISTANT OFFICER (POST LEVEL 12) (CONTRACT APPOINTMENT: 3 YEARS) JOB ID: 6525
Organizational Unit University of the Free State -> Faculty of Law -> FS Centre for Human Rights
Contract Type Contract
Occupational Level Semi-Skilled
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 20/7/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered.
The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and responsibilities:
General Administrative Support
• Provide efficient and effective administrative support to the Director and division coordinators of the Free State Centre for Human Rights (FSCHR).
• Serve as receptionist (both for telephone calls and physical visitors to the Centre).
Event Planning and Coordination
• Coordinate and administer departmental events, seminars, workshops, and conferences.
• Liaise with internal units and external service providers to ensure successful event delivery.
• Manage event logistics, including venues, catering, travel arrangements, and materials.
• Support post-event reporting and evaluation processes.
Marketing and Communication
• Support the implementation of departmental marketing and communication strategies.
• Assist with the development and dissemination of promotional materials.
• Maintain and update digital platforms, including websites and social media channels.
• Contribute to enhancing the visibility and reputation of the Centre.
Office and Operational Management
• Oversee daily office operations to ensure an efficient and professional working environment.
• Manage procurement processes in accordance with university policies.
• Monitor office supplies, equipment, and maintenance requirements.
• Ensure compliance with institutional procedures and administrative systems.
Staff Administration
• Provide administrative support related to human resource processes within the department.
• Maintain staff records, including leave, attendance, and personnel documentation.
• Support onboarding processes for new staff members.
• Assist with internal coordination and communication within the team.
Stakeholder Engagement
• Establish and maintain effective working relationships with internal and external stakeholders.
• Serve as a liaison between the department and relevant university structures.
Additional Duties
• Provide administrative support for projects and strategic initiatives.
• Perform any other duties as delegated by the line manager in support of departmental objectives.
Inherent requirements:
• Grade 12 or National Vocational Certificate on NQF Level 4.
• A minimum of one (1) year’s relevant experience in an administrative or coordination role.
• Proven experience in event planning and coordination.
Recommendations:
• Experience within a higher education environment.
• Experience in marketing, social media management, or communications.
• Familiarity with administrative systems and processes within the University of the Free State.
• Project management experience or training.
• Strong written and verbal communication skills in English.
Competencies
Required competencies:
• Results Orientated:
- The ability to set high standards, establish tough goals, and to work to achieve success.
- The ability to be reliable, responsible, dependable and to fulfil obligations.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to deal with several activities at a time.
- The ability to be creative and open-minded when addressing work issues.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to maintain high levels of personal motivation, energy and enthusiasm.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to be self-assured and at ease with people in all types of social situations.
- The ability to interact with others and establish personal connections with people.
Assumption of duties: 1 October 2026 or as soon as possible.
Closing date: 20 July 2026
Salary: The annual remuneration package, including benefits, is R 403 692,54 - R 507 169,63 per annum, depending on the budget available for the position, relevant work experience and qualifications.
Fringe benefits: (Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries:
For enquiries, please feel free to contact 051 401 2979 or email JardineS@ufs.ac.za or Recruit@ufs.az.za Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 9813 / 7659 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at:
ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
MONITOR ROOM OPERATOR (POST LEVEL 17) (8 POSITIONS) JOB ID: 6535
Organizational Unit University of the Free State -> Deputy Vice-Chancellor: People and Operations -> Protection Services
Contract Type Permanent
Occupational Level Unskilled
Location South Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 20/7/2026
Description
How to apply:
Hard copy applications may be submitted at:
• The University of the Free State, Bloemfontein Campus, George du Toit building, Human Resources Reception, 2nd Floor.
OR
• Online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and responsibilities:
• Operate and maintain surveillance equipment, watch both live and recorded video surveillance footage.
• Watch multiple monitors at once and make notes of any unusual occurrences and report to the Shift leader.
• Must be able to work without constant supervision.
• Must communicate over the two-way radio and direct the officers to the scenes in the shortest and safest way.
• Safe and correct storing of footage information for investigation purposes.
• Test the redpolls (panic buttons) weekly and submit a report.
• Monitor the fire detection systems.
• Monitor all alarms and CCTV cameras.
• Activate response members for intruder alarms and incidents observed via CCTV cameras
• Record incidents and keep them for evidence purposes.
• Produce incident reports and submit them to the shift leader.
• Ensure that all security systems function properly and keep a record of faulty equipment.
• Escalate the faulty equipment report to the shift leader.
• Produce preliminary investigation notes for the investigations.
• Collect and process information.
• Perform preliminary investigation through CCTV cameras.
• Provide statements for investigation purposes.
• Attend court cases or disciplinary hearings as and when required to do so.
• Conduct static guarding, patrolling and crime prevention when required by the shift leader.
• Carry out the duties of the duty room operator when a need arises.
• Provide backup during incidents when a need arises.
Inherent requirements:
• Grade 12 on NQF Level 4 (attach a copy).
• A valid Grade C PSIRA certificate (attach a copy).
• A minimum of one (1) year relevant work experience.
Recommendations:
• CCTV monitoring certificate (attach a copy).
• Experience within the higher education environment.
• First Aid certificate (attach copy).
• Fire Fighting Certificate (attach copy).
Competencies
Required competencies:
• Results Orientated:
- The ability to be reliable, responsible, dependable and to fulfil obligations.
- The ability to stick with tasks, not give up, and overcome obstacles in completing one’s task.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to deal with several activities at a time.
- The ability to focus on details, work towards perfection, and approach work in a neat and organised manner.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to maintain high levels of personal motivation, energy and enthusiasm.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to negotiate, sell, influence and to persuade others.
- The ability to interact with others and establish personal connections with people.
Assumption of duties: 01 September 2026.
Closing date: 20 July 2026
Salary: The annual remuneration package, including benefits is R 127,080.97.
Fringe benefits:
(Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries:
For enquiries, please feel free to contact 051 401 2979 or email JardineS@ufs.ac.za or Recruit@ufs.az.za
Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 9813 / 2558 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at:
ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
LECTURER (CONTRACT APPOINTMENT: 3 YEARS): ENGINEERING DIVISION (JOB ID: 6533)
Organizational Unit University of the Free State -> Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences -> Department Engineering Science
Contract Type Contract
Occupational Level Junior Management
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 2/8/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered.
The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and Responsibilities:
• Provide and facilitate teaching, learning, and assessment of undergraduate and post-graduate students in Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering and Engineering Sciences according to the related Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), UFS and SAQA outcomes.
• Develop and update learning material and course content, to ensure continuity in relevance and maintenance of quality.
• Provide opportunities for individual student interaction and consultation.
• Seek ways of improving performance by reflecting on teaching design and delivery and obtaining and analysing feedback.
• Assume leadership responsibilities as they relate to teaching and learning, and contribute to programmes of the Department and Faculty.
• Contribute towards creating a strong academic identity.
• Conduct research and research supervision as commensurate with the requirements of the Department and Faculty.
• Develop and undertake his/her independent research programme and publish research, as evidenced by publications, presentations, role player collaboration, and eventually obtain a doctoral degree.
• Participate in national and/or international fora to share research results. Publish on average 1 SAPSE/ISI journal article per 1-year cycle.
• Identify and access funding sources to support one's own and, where feasible, student research.
• Update knowledge and understanding in the related field of specialisation.
• Assume leadership responsibilities as they relate to research.
• Utilise academic, scholarly and professional expertise for intentional public purpose or benefit that demonstrates engagement with external constituencies.
• Assist in the generation of new knowledge integration, and the application and dissemination of knowledge.
• Be of service to other universities, e.g., external examining, assisting with curriculum reviews, organising conferences, and collaborations on inter-university projects.
• Be of service to professional bodies, e.g., national bodies, journals.
• Be of service to other stakeholders such as government or NGOs, e.g., serving on society, advisory bodies, other Higher Education Institutions, and contribute to policy formulation and review.
• Maintain own professional registration with related Professional Bodies and Associations, if applicable.
• Assume administrative and/or leadership duties in the department, such as course co-ordinator; co-ordination of programmes e.g. PhD, Master's. programmes; co-ordination of particular research projects; tutor selection and co-ordination.
• Become acquainted with all relevant University and Faculty policies to implement appropriately.
• Serve on Departmental, Faculty and University-wide bodies as applicable.
• Execute administrative duties as designated by the Head of Department.
Inherent Job Requirements:
• MEng/MScEng (Agricultural Engineering or Mechanical Engineering) on NQF Level 9 with a minimum of eight (8) years relevant experience in engineering practice / academic institutions, OR BEng (Agricultural Engineering or Mechanical Engineering) on NQF Level 8 with a minimum of ten (10) years’ relevant experience in engineering practice / academic institutions.
• Registration with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), as Candidate Engineer or Pr.Eng. (attach proof).
• Registration with a discipline-specific Association/s (i.e., South African Institute of Agricultural Engineers (SAIAE) or South African Institution of Mechanical Engineering (SAIME)(attach proof).
Recommendations:
• A valid driver’s license (attach a copy).
Competencies
Key Competencies required:
• Results-Oriented:
- The ability to set high standards, establish tough goals, and to work to achieve success.
- The ability to be reliable, responsible, dependable and to fulfil obligations.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to focus on details, work towards perfection, and approach work in a neat and organised manner.
- The ability to carefully analyse information and use logic to address issues and problems at work.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
• Leading:
- The ability to lead, take charge of situations, and offer opinions and directions to others.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to negotiate, sell, influence and to persuade others.
- The ability to make decisions through consultation, collaboration and working with close supervision.
Assumption of duties: 1 January 2027
Closing date: 02 August 2026
Salary: The salary is available on request.
Fringe benefits: (Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries: For enquiries, please feel free to contact 051 401 9813 or email PhokaR@ufs.ac.za. Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 7659 / 2979 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at:
ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
OFFICER: ARCHIVIST (POST LEVEL 11): LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES (JOB ID: 6527)
Organizational Unit
University of the Free State -> Deputy Vice-Chancellor: Research, Innovation and Postgraduate Studies -> Library and Information Services
Contract Type Permanent
Occupational Level Semi-Skilled
Location Bloemfontein Campus - Bloemfontein, FS ZA (Primary)
Closing Date 20/7/2026
Description
KINDLY TAKE NOTE: Applications may only be submitted online through the official UFS vacancy website: http://https://ufs.hua.hrsmart.com/hr/ats/JobSearch/viewAll - Applications submitted through any other platform will not be considered.
The system allows a maximum of eight attachments. To avoid upload issues, we recommend merging some or all documents into fewer files before submitting.
INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED!
To ensure your application is complete, you must submit ALL documents listed under the inherent requirements, as well as the following standard documentation:
• A detailed Curriculum Vitae.
• Copies of your qualifications, or official proof of qualifications obtained (If you hold foreign qualifications, please include SAQA accreditation).
• A copy of your identity document (South African ID or passport for foreign nationals).
• Confirmation of employment in the form of a letter, appointment contract, service certificate, or recent payslip from your current or most recent employer (applicable to external applicants only).
Duties and responsibilities:
• Contribute to facilitating teaching, learning and research.
• Implement the University’s Digital Preservation Strategy in alignment with institutional research and information management priorities.
• Ensure the long-term preservation and accessibility of these materials for future generations.
• The archives are a vital resource for postgraduate research, historical inquiry, and interdisciplinary scholarship.
• Implement the integration of digital archives into teaching, learning, and research activities in support of academic excellence.
• Apply the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for all digital archiving and training activities.
• Execute the arrangement, description, and appraisal of digital and analogue records in line with archival standards (ISAD(G), ISAAR(CPF)).
• Design and deliver training modules and workshops on records management, digitisation, metadata, and archival standards.
• Collaborate with faculties to integrate archival and digital heritage resources training into curricula and research projects.
Inherent Job Requirements:
• Bachelor’s degree or B.Tech degree on NQF Level 7 related to Archival Studies.
• A minimum of two (2) years’ relevant working experience working with archival materials or in a Digital Archive.
Recommendations:
• Honours degree/Postgraduate Diploma on NQF Level 8 in a Digital Archive field (attach a copy).
• A minimum of three (3) years’ relevant working experience within a Digital Archive environment.
• Knowledge of Archival systems and Descriptions.
• Knowledge of Provenance Principle.
• Experience within the higher education environment.
• Knowledge of university systems, policies, and procedures.
• Member of a or registration at a professional body (attach a copy).
Competencies
Key Competencies Required:
• Results-Oriented:
- The ability to set high standards, establish tough goals, and to work to achieve success.
- The ability to stick with tasks, not give up, and overcome obstacles in completing one’s task.
• Strategic Thinking:
- The ability to focus on details, work towards perfection, and approach work in a neat and organised manner.
- The ability to carefully analyse information and use logic to address issues and problems at work.
• Business Acumen:
- The ability to adhere to rules and strictly follow work regulations.
- Proficient in using MS Office.
- Knowledge of Metadata and Archives Standards.
- Knowledge of archives inventory or finding aids.
- Basic understanding of archives guiding documents (i.e. policy and procedures).
- Knowledge of archives repository preservation preventive measures.
• Leading:
- The ability to lead, take charge of situations, and offer opinions and directions to others.
- The ability to be cooperative with others, display a good-natured attitude and encourage people to work together.
• Building Coalitions:
- The ability to negotiate, sell, influence and to persuade others.
- The ability to be self-assured and at ease with people in all types of social situations.
Assumption of duties: As soon as possible.
Closing date: 20 July 2026
Salary: The annual remuneration package, including benefits, is R464 881.91 – R585 070.51 per annum, depending on the budget available for the position, relevant work experience and qualifications.
Fringe benefits: (Subject to specific conditions): pension scheme, medical aid scheme, group life insurance, housing allowance, leave and sick leave, service bonus and study benefits.
Enquiries: For enquiries, please feel free to contact 051 401 9813 or email PhokaR@ufs.ac.za. Additionally, kindly contact 051 401 2979 / 2558 / 2876 for assistance.
General:
The UFS is a designated employer and is committed to the pursuit of excellence, diversity, and redress in achieving its equity targets in accordance with the Employment Equity Plan of the University and its Employment Equity goals and targets. Preference will be given to candidates from the under-represented designated groups including candidates with disabilities. Our Employment Equity Plan is available at:
ufs-employment-equity-plan_2025.pdf
The University processes personal information in line with its obligations under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) and any personal information provided to the University will be treated as confidential and processed in accordance with the rights provided to data subjects under POPIA.
The University reserves the right not to fill the post. The UFS will only consider applications of candidates who meet all the inherent requirements of the position. Applications that are incomplete will not be considered. Communication will be limited to shortlisted candidates only. Should you not be contacted within six weeks of the closing date for applications, you may assume that your application was unsuccessful.
